Western science was wrong about the solar system for 1,500 years due to Claudius Ptolemy’s complicated Earth-centric model, outlined in his Almagest treatise. This model involved convoluted circles and made humanity believe in geocentrism. The model was perpetuated through translations, with Gerard of Cremona possibly trying to correct some of Ptolemy’s math inaccuracies. It wasn’t until Nicolaus Copernicus challenged Ptolemy’s ideas in the 15th century that the new, accurate understanding emerged: the Earth orbits the Sun, as do all other planets. This shift in perspective paved the way for future astronomical discoveries and a deeper appreciation of the cosmos.
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/ptolemy-geocentrism-almagest-copernicus