Throughout the 20th century, AT&T spearheaded America’s telephone infrastructure by manufacturing equipment and developing cutting-edge technology from its research arm, Bell Labs. The powerhouse lab birthed numerous groundbreaking inventions beyond the transistor, including the Silicon solar PV cell, the first videophone, and UNIX. Bell Labs’ research embraced science and innovation, earning it accolades, including numerous Nobel Prizes. The lab’s success was attributed to its unique environment as a subsidiary of a government-granted monopoly, fostering long-term research and development. Though no longer at its 20th-century peak, Bell Labs continues to inspire dreams of recreating its innovative approach in modern research labs.
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