Neural systems in the brain have to find a balance between growth and optimizing information processing. A study by researchers at the University of Cambridge created an artificial system that modeled a simplified version of the brain and applied physical constraints. The system developed characteristics and tactics similar to those found in human brains when solving a maze navigation task. The physical constraint of distance between nodes resulted in the development of hubs and nodes with flexible coding schemes. The researchers hope that their AI system can help understand differences in human brains and contribute to advancements in AI system design.
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/ai-system-self-organises-to-develop-features-of-brains-of-complex-organisms