Researchers have discovered a new organelle in algae, named a nitroplast, that can convert nitrogen gas into a form that promotes cell growth. Previously, nitrogen fixation was believed to only occur in bacteria, making this finding groundbreaking. The nitroplast is passed down through generations of algae cells, relying on proteins from the host cell for growth. This discovery could lead to genetically engineered crops that fix their own nitrogen, reducing the need for fertilizer and potentially increasing crop yields. While challenging, the potential benefits are significant. The work has been praised by experts as a major advancement in understanding cellular biology.
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01046-z