The author delves into the complex world of causality studies, exploring whether X causes Y through a multitude of academic studies. They highlight that while there are tons of studies on this topic, most are simple observational studies with significant limitations, including confounding factors. However, the author discovers several intriguing and rigorous studies that attempt to establish causation between X and Y under specific conditions. Despite the conflicting and perplexing results, the author ultimately concludes that the relationship between X and Y remains uncertain due to various study limitations and methodological challenges. This exploration sheds light on the complexities of social science research and the challenges of establishing causality.
https://www.cold-takes.com/does-x-cause-y-an-in-depth-evidence-review/